![]() Thus although the free energy always falls when a gas expands or a chemical reaction takes place spontaneously, there need be no compensating increase in energy anywhere else. It is a state function that is used in many measurements in chemical, biological, and physical systems at constant pressure, which is provided. Entropy The sum of the systems internal energy and the product of its volume and pressure is enthalpy which is a thermodynamic property. Although all forms of energy can be used to do work, it is not possible to use the entire available energy for work. Therefore, the entropy change of a chemical reaction at 298 K is simply the difference between the sum of the standard entropies of the products and the sum of the standard entropies of the reactants. The more disordered a system and higher the entropy, the less of a systems energy is available to do work. The entropy change for a chemical reaction among pure, crystalline substances is zero at the absolute zero K by the Third law of thermodynamics. Entropy also describes how much energy is not available to do work.
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